REKONSTRUKSI KONSEP KAFA'AH DI ERA DIGITAL: PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM
Keywords:
kafa'ah; digital era; Islamic family law; maqashid al-shariah; online ta'arufAbstract
The advancement of information technology has fundamentally transformed how Muslim communities, particularly the digital native generation, search for and select prospective marriage partners. The phenomenon of online ta'aruf through applications such as Taaruf ID, Salams, and Hawaya, as well as general social media, has triggered a significant shift in the application of the classical concept of kafa'ah (marital compatibility) as understood in traditional Islamic jurisprudence. This article aims to critically examine how the concept of kafa'ah must be reconstructed to remain relevant and applicable amid digital transformation, without losing the substantive spirit of maqashid al-shariah underlying Islamic marriage. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative-juridical approach and library research, examining Qur'anic verses, hadith, the views of the four schools of Islamic jurisprudence, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage as amended by Law Number 16 of 2019, and recent academic literature. The findings indicate that kafa'ah must not be reduced to mere algorithmic matching on digital platforms, but must remain grounded in the five classical criteria, religion, lineage, freedom, occupation, and wealth, reinterpreted contextually through maslahah mursalah and maqashid al-shariah, while incorporating new dimensions such as digital literacy, cybersecurity, and identity verification as part of the contemporary protection of lineage (hifz al-nasl) and honour (hifz al-'ird). The article recommends strengthening derivative regulations and synergy among the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the Indonesian Ulema Council, and digital platform providers to keep online ta'aruf practices within the corridor of shariah and Indonesian positive law.
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